U.S. Senator Bill Cassidy, the incumbent Republican from Louisiana, lost his primary bid for a third term after failing to secure a top-two finish in the state’s GOP Senate primary on May 16, 2026. The race will now advance to a June 27 runoff between Rep. Julia Letlow and state Treasurer John Fleming, both of whom outperformed Cassidy in the initial vote .
Cassidy’s defeat was widely attributed to his 2021 vote to convict former President Donald Trump during his second impeachment trial following the January 6 Capitol attack. Trump, who had branded Cassidy as "disloyal," actively campaigned against him, endorsing Letlow in January 2026 and framing the primary as a referendum on loyalty to the MAGA movement. Cassidy’s opposition to Trump extended beyond the impeachment vote; he also played a key role in blocking Casey Means’ nomination for surgeon general, drawing further backlash from Trump-aligned factions, including Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and the MAHA movement, which views Cassidy as a symbol of the medical establishment they oppose .
In an attempt to regain favor with Trump’s base, Cassidy cast a decisive vote in 2025 to advance Kennedy’s nomination to lead the Department of Health and Human Services, despite Kennedy’s vaccine skepticism—a stance that conflicted with Cassidy’s background as a physician and his prior support for immunizations. This move was seen as a calculated effort to rehabilitate his image but ultimately failed to sway voters . Trump publicly denounced Cassidy as a "sleazebag," "terrible guy," and "disloyal disaster" in the lead-up to the primary, further solidifying his opposition .
The primary marked Louisiana’s first use of a closed-primary system for a U.S. Senate race in over 50 years, a change that analysts suggested disadvantaged Cassidy. In previous elections, Cassidy benefited from crossover Democratic support, but the new rules limited his appeal to a narrower Republican electorate. Letlow, who secured Trump’s endorsement, positioned herself as a staunch MAGA ally, while Fleming, though lacking Trump’s formal backing, campaigned as a Trump-aligned conservative . Cassidy’s loss underscores Trump’s continued influence over the Republican Party, as his intervention directly contributed to the ousting of a two-term incumbent in a deep-red state .