The U.S. Department of Justice has unsealed an indictment against former Cuban President Raúl Castro and six others, charging them with conspiracy to kill Americans, murder, and destruction of aircraft. The charges stem from the 1996 downing of two civilian planes operated by the Cuban-American exile group Brothers to the Rescue, which resulted in the deaths of four U.S. nationals. The indictment marks a significant escalation in U.S. efforts to hold Cuban leadership accountable for past actions, with the Trump administration framing it as part of a broader campaign to dismantle Cuba’s communist regime .
Raúl Castro, now 94, faces four counts of murder, one count of conspiracy to kill U.S. nationals, and two counts of destruction of aircraft, according to court filings. The indictment was filed in Miami, Florida, and also targets other unnamed individuals involved in the incident. Despite the charges, there is no indication that Castro has left Cuba or that the Cuban government would permit his extradition to the U.S. .
The indictment has drawn mixed reactions, with former President Donald Trump calling it a "very big moment" but cautioning against further escalation. Meanwhile, U.S. Senator Marco Rubio announced a new policy proposal offering Cuba $100 million in aid alongside the indictment, framing it as an effort to provide an alternative path for the island’s future . The case echoes previous U.S. legal actions against Latin American leaders, though its immediate impact remains uncertain given Castro’s age and Cuba’s refusal to extradite him .