Ukraine has significantly intensified its use of drones in the ongoing conflict with Russia, with both sides deploying unmanned systems for reconnaissance, strikes, and combat operations. Ukrainian drone units, such as those from the 14th Brigade, have released footage demonstrating their ability to detect and destroy Russian "hidden waiting drones," highlighting the evolving tactics in this "robot war" . Ukraine is also advancing its drone capabilities through ambitious projects, including swarms of AI-controlled drones capable of autonomous communication and coordinated attacks, a strategy described as a potential "war of the future" .
Russia has responded with large-scale drone attacks, launching nearly 300 drones at Ukraine in a single overnight operation, resulting in direct hits at 15 locations, according to Ukraine’s Air Force . Ukrainian drone strikes have also targeted Russian territory, including a reported attack in Belgorod that killed one person . Additionally, Ukrainian drones have caused fires at Russian oil refineries, further escalating the conflict’s economic and military dimensions .
The conflict has seen drones used in alleged war crimes, with a Russian military unit documenting and later deleting footage of an FPV drone attack on a UN vehicle in Kherson . Meanwhile, Ukrainian drones en route to Russian Baltic ports have been jammed by Russia, causing unintended crashes in Baltic states like Latvia and Estonia, raising regional security concerns .
On the industrial front, Romania’s state-owned defense company ROMARM has warned against merely assembling drones under foreign licenses, advocating instead for domestic production of Ukrainian-designed military drones in state-owned facilities to strengthen local defense capabilities . Ukraine has also fortified its border with Belarus, citing potential threats despite a perceived "deceptive calm" from Belarusian forces .