Amsterdam fines owners up to 72,000 for leaving homes vacant six months

Amsterdam cracks down on vacant homes with fines up to €72,000 as housing crisis deepens
The Amsterdam city council has escalated its fight against empty homes by imposing fines of up to €72,000 on owners who leave properties vacant for more than six months, a move that underscores the Dutch capital’s worsening housing shortage. Under the new policy, which took effect this month, municipal authorities are systematically identifying and penalising owners of the estimated 19,000 empty dwellings across the city, according to figures released by the municipality on Sunday .
City officials confirmed that the first wave of penalties, issued last week, targeted 47 property owners whose homes had been unoccupied for between six and twelve months. The fines, which escalate with each additional month of vacancy, are designed to force landlords to either rent out their properties or sell them to the municipality for social housing. “We are not targeting owners who are temporarily unable to rent out their homes,” said a spokesperson for the city’s housing department. “But when a property has been empty for six months or more, we consider it a deliberate choice to withhold supply from the market.”
The crackdown comes as Amsterdam grapples with a housing deficit of at least 30,000 units, a figure that has ballooned by 5,000 since January 2025. The crisis has been exacerbated by a surge in short-term rentals, with Airbnb-style platforms listing more than 11,000 properties in the city, many of which remain vacant for large parts of the year. Earlier this year, the municipality began requiring hosts to register their properties and provide proof of occupancy, a measure that has already led to the removal of 1,500 illegal listings .
Critics, however, argue that the fines are a blunt instrument that fails to address the root causes of the housing crisis. “Fines alone won’t solve the problem,” said Marjolein Moorman, a housing policy researcher at the University of Amsterdam. “The city needs to invest in new construction, streamline permitting processes, and incentivise owners to convert vacant commercial spaces into residential units.” The municipality has pledged to allocate €250 million over the next three years to accelerate the construction of 10,000 new social housing units, but progress has been slow due to bureaucratic hurdles and rising construction costs.
The policy shift reflects a broader trend across Europe, where cities from Brussels to Bucharest are adopting increasingly aggressive measures to combat housing shortages. In Wallonia, Belgium, for example, officials recently revealed that 4,268 public housing units—nearly 4% of the regional stock—are currently uninhabitable due to neglect or disrepair . Meanwhile, in Romania, the real estate developer One United Properties has expanded its largest residential project, One Lake District, by acquiring an additional 10 hectares of lakeside land near Bucharest, further tightening the supply of affordable housing in the capital .
For Amsterdam’s 870,000 residents, the new fines offer little immediate relief. The average rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city centre now exceeds €1,800 per month, while waiting lists for social housing stretch beyond five years. “This is a step in the right direction, but it’s not enough,” said a spokesperson for the Amsterdam Tenants’ Union. “We need a comprehensive strategy that includes rent control, stricter enforcement against short-term rentals, and a massive increase in public housing investment.” With no signs of the crisis abating, the city’s battle against vacant homes is likely to intensify in the coming months.
Follow us for live European news
- 4
- 3
- 2
- 2
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
1 further source not geolocated








