Portugals PISA scores plunge, erasing decade of progress and deepening school inequality
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Portugals PISA scores plunge, erasing decade of progress and deepening school inequality
Global PISA 2025 results reveal sharpest decline in OECD student scores since testing began
ContinuationPISA 2025 results reveal sharp decline in reading, core skills across five European nations
Portugal’s public education system has failed to reduce inequality, according to the 2025 PISA results released this week. The scores show a sharp decline in student performance over the past decade, with Portuguese 15-year-olds scoring 462 in reading, 460 in mathematics, and 482 in science—down from 498, 492, and 501, respectively, in 2015.
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development estimates that a 20-point drop in PISA scores equates to roughly one year of lost learning. By this measure, Portugal has lost nearly two years in reading and 1.5 years in mathematics over the past decade, according to an analysis published Sunday .
The results also reveal stark gaps in basic competencies. In mathematics, 35% of Portuguese students failed to reach Level 2, meaning they could not solve simple real-world problems such as comparing routes or converting currency. In reading, 28% struggled to identify the main idea in a moderate-length text or locate explicit information, the same analysis noted.
The decline comes despite earlier progress, including near-universal school enrollment and expanded access to higher education. Between 2000 and 2015, Portugal had risen above the OECD average in all three assessed areas. The 2025 results, however, show the system is now reproducing the inequalities it was meant to address, the analysis concluded.
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