
Large companies in the European Union are now prohibited from destroying unsold clothing and footwear, according to a new regulation that took effect today. The ban aims to reduce waste and promote sustainability by encouraging companies to resell, donate, or recycle these items instead of discarding them.
The regulation, adopted under the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), applies immediately to large companies. Exceptions are made for items that are damaged, contaminated, or cannot be reused or recycled. Additionally, items offered to social welfare organizations but not accepted within a specified timeframe may still be destroyed.
Smaller companies will have until 2030 to comply with the new rules. The European Commission estimates that 4-9% of unsold textile products in Europe are destroyed annually, generating approximately 5.6 million tons of CO2 emissions.
The Handelsverband Deutschland (HDE) suggests that the ban could lead to an increase in discounted items for consumers through outlets, discount markets, or second-hand channels. Stefan Genth, the main executive officer of HDE, also sees potential environmental benefits, stating that "less new clothing will be destroyed and products will be resold or donated more often."
However, Genth notes that the trade will face challenges, as not all unsold goods can be easily resold or donated. Issues such as damaged packaging, high logistics costs, lack of demand, or low product value could pose difficulties. Retailers will also incur additional costs for storage, sorting, reprocessing, and remarketing, as well as documentation obligations and legal uncertainties.
Thomas Lange, the main executive officer of the Modeverband GermanFashion, supports the new regulation, stating that "clothing is a valuable product whose destruction should be avoided." He sees the ban as an important signal for more responsible resource management. However, Lange points out that many European clothing companies already do not destroy unsold goods, and the real challenge lies with the large volumes of cheap, fast-fashion items ordered from non-European suppliers.
The regulation is part of a broader effort by the EU to promote a circular economy and reduce waste. According to the European Commission, the new rules will help create a level playing field for businesses that adopt sustainable practices and reduce the environmental impact of the textile industry.
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