
President Donald Trump ordered the U.S. Navy on Thursday to abandon the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System on its newest aircraft carriers and revert to older steam catapults, according to a directive issued by the White House .
The memo directs the Pentagon and the Navy to present plans within two months to remove EMALS from Ford-class carriers and replace the ships’ electromagnetic weapons elevators. The fourth carrier in the class, the USS Doris Miller, would be the first to incorporate the changes, leaving the USS Gerald R. Ford, USS John F. Kennedy and USS Enterprise unaffected .
The shift would likely cost billions of dollars and require more sailors to operate and maintain the steam systems, according to the directive . The Wall Street Journal estimated the implementation could cost the government billions .
Trump has long criticized EMALS, calling it “not good” and claiming it lacks the power of steam catapults. In a 2017 interview with Time magazine, he said, “You’re going to goddamned steam.” The topic has resurfaced repeatedly at rallies and public events .
The Navy adopted EMALS in 2009, citing advantages such as reduced maintenance, faster launch speeds and lower crew requirements. The USS Gerald R. Ford, the first in its class, has completed 36,863 launches using the system as of March 2026, according to Pentagon documents .
General Atomics, the manufacturer of EMALS, warned that reversing course on the USS Doris Miller—already nearly 50% complete—poses significant risks to cost, schedule and integration. Marine expert Bryan Clark told the Wall Street Journal that electromagnetic systems are more reliable, noting that switching to electric components eliminates mechanical parts associated with steam .
The move comes as the Navy faces challenges in staffing its ships and the U.S. military seeks congressional funding for equipment. China and France have both adopted or plan to use electromagnetic catapults on their newest carriers .
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