Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces dissolve after integration into Syrian army
The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces announced their dissolution on Tuesday after completing integration into Syrian state institutions, commander Mazloum Abdi said in a televised speech from the presidential palace in Damascus.
Abdi declared “the end of the mission of the Syrian Democratic Forces and, with full responsibility, their dissolution as an independent military force,” stating the move followed the integration of SDF fighters into Syrian Arab Army brigades. The process began under a Jan. 29 agreement that framed the SDF’s inclusion into state military and civilian structures, culminating in Damascus regaining control of most of northeastern Syria after earlier clashes with the SDF.
Approximately 10,000 SDF fighters have already joined the Syrian army, with senior SDF officials estimating the final number could reach 12,000. Former SDF officers now command brigades based in Hasakah, Qamishli, Derik and Kobani, initially assigned to the 60th and 72nd Divisions before restructuring placed them under the newly established 2nd Corps. Former SDF commander Jiya Kobani serves as the corps’ deputy commander, and former SDF commander Sipan Hamo holds the post of deputy minister of defense. The SDF-affiliated Internal Security Forces, known as the Asayish, were also absorbed into the Syrian Ministry of Interior, with senior Asayish commander Mahmoud Khalil Ali appointed deputy commander of Internal Security in Hasakah Province.
The SDF, formed in 2015 at U.S. initiative, had spearheaded the fight against the Islamic State group, which was territorially defeated in Syria in 2019. At its peak, the SDF amassed around 100,000 fighters, both Kurds and Arabs, and controlled oil-rich areas in northern and northeastern Syria. Abdi noted in his address that SDF fighters had “liberated many Syrian cities and towns, first from the Baathist regime, then from the terrorism of Daesh,” using the Arabic acronym for the Islamic State.
The U.S. welcomed the dissolution and integration. “This is what real integration looks like: one army, one government, one state,” U.S. Special Envoy for Syria and Iraq Tom Barrack said, calling the agreement a diplomatic solution that strengthens Syria’s sovereignty. Washington had supported the SDF as a key partner against the Islamic State before shifting its backing to the new U.S.-friendly authorities in Damascus following the ousting of longtime ruler Bashar al-Assad in late 2024.
The fate of the SDF’s all-female Women’s Protection Units remains unresolved, as Damascus has rejected their demand to join the Defense Ministry as an intact formation, citing the Syrian army’s lack of female combat units. No definitive figure has been released on how many of the approximately 9,000 Asayish personnel submitted for vetting were ultimately integrated.
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