Syrian Democratic Forces dissolve, integrate into state military under Damascus deal

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Syrian Democratic Forces dissolve, integrate into state military under Damascus deal
Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces dissolve after full integration into Syrian army
ContinuationKurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces dissolve after integration into Syrian army
The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces officially dissolved as an independent military force on Tuesday, with its commander, Mazloum Abdi, announcing the move in a televised speech from the presidential palace in Damascus. The dissolution follows a January agreement with Syria’s interim government to integrate the SDF’s fighters and civilian institutions into the state military and administrative structures .
Abdi declared the end of the SDF’s operations as a separate force, stating that circumstances had changed and Syria had entered a new phase of peace and participation. The integration process, completed last week, includes the stationing of Syrian security forces in Kurdish-majority regions and the recognition of Kurdish as a second national language. Interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa signed a decree in January granting minority rights to Kurds, including the restoration of citizenship for those who lost it in the 1960s .
The SDF, formed in 2015 at the height of the Syrian civil war, once controlled about 25% of Syria, including a de facto autonomous zone in the northeast. Its fighters, primarily drawn from the Kurdish YPG and YPJ militias, played a key role in battling the Islamic State group. However, after the collapse of Bashar al-Assad’s regime in December 2024, the Syrian army launched an offensive in the region, leading to the SDF’s territorial losses and eventual agreement to merge with national forces .
Reactions to the dissolution have varied. Turkish Communications Director Burhanettin Duran called it a vital step toward reinforcing state authority in Syria, while Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan said Ankara would welcome the move if fully implemented on the ground, emphasizing the need to verify its impact on Kurdish-Arab relations and Syria’s territorial integrity . U.S. Special Envoy to Syria Tom Barrack described the dissolution as “absolutely historic” in a post on X, framing it as a step toward strengthening Syria’s sovereignty .
The transition has unfolded more smoothly than some anticipated, though concerns remain about the long-term political status of Kurdish regions. Political analyst Scheller noted that while the rights granted to Kurds—such as language recognition and citizenship restoration—are unprecedented, they have not been enshrined in the constitution, leaving their durability uncertain . Al-Sharaa has framed the dissolution as part of a broader push for reconstruction and development, coinciding with the U.S. decision to remove Syria from its list of state sponsors of terrorism .
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