Spain has demanded that TikTok suspend its operations in the country until it eliminates child sexual abuse material, while the European Commission warned that the platform's algorithmic feed may violate EU law.

The demand came on Tuesday after Spanish fact-checking nonprofit Maldita.es documented 1,183 explicit posts. The videos had been viewed at least 48 million times. Over 26,000 profiles commented on and shared the material. Youth Minister Sira Rego appealed to prosecutors and the Data Protection Agency to act. She said "Social media cannot be lawless territory."

Separately, the European Commission's preliminary findings accuse TikTok of failing to mitigate mental health risks. The personalized "For You" feed may violate the Digital Services Act. The commission advised the platform to redesign the feature or risk fines.

Maldita.es found that TikTok's search function returns results for explicit terms. Examples include "8 años sexy" ("8 years old sexy") and codes like "Cheese Pizza" or "VGK." These searches trigger warnings on Meta platforms. Of 50 videos reported as illegal under Spanish law, TikTok removed only 10 percent. It blocked another 26 percent in Spain alone. Meanwhile, 47 percent of reported profiles remained active. The investigation took 35 days to identify these terms.

The investigation documented how recommendation algorithms showed abuse material on the "For You" tab. The algorithms also suggested predator accounts. More than 40 livestreams featured underage hosts. Platform rules bar users under 18 from going live. In many livestreams, adults offered rewards in comments if minors engaged in sexualized behavior. More than 14 percent of the 26,000 predator profiles invited contact on other platforms such as Telegram.

Article 35 of the Digital Services Act lists 11 measures to mitigate systemic risks. Maldita.es found that on TikTok, all 11 were exploited by predators.

According to internal documents, TikTok has been aware of livestream problems since at least 2022. The platform restricted two search terms for users in Spain. But searches from other European countries still lead to the same content. TikTok did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.