Roman settlement near Bruges reveals 1,800-year-old flood defenses as archaeologists uncover dam and artifacts
Archaeologists in Belgium have uncovered the remains of a Roman settlement near Bruges that battled flooding nearly 1,800 years ago, revealing ancient infrastructure built to combat rising waters. The discovery was made during flood-prevention work in Koolkerke, where a water storage basin project exposed structures including a dam, pottery fragments, coins from Emperor Hadrian’s reign, and luxury *terra sigillata* ceramics.
Sam De Decker, the lead archaeologist, said the dam required significant collective effort, possibly involving Roman military support, though this remains a hypothesis. The settlement’s residents constructed defenses against frequent flooding caused by rainfall and proximity to the sea, but the site likely succumbed to inundation over time. Many buildings, made of perishable materials like wood and clay, have not survived.
The findings also include five wells and artifacts suggesting some inhabitants held higher social status. Belgian Heritage Minister Ben Weyts noted the parallel between ancient and modern flood challenges, stating, “We are discovering how, nearly 2,000 years ago, people faced flood risks—a phenomenon we still confront today.”
The site may provide new insights into the origins of the medieval city of Damme and how ancient populations adapted to water-dominated landscapes. Excavations began in spring 2026 as part of ongoing flood mitigation efforts in the region.
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