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SpaceX’s initial public offering on Friday became the largest in financial history, catapulting Elon Musk past the $1 trillion mark on paper and forcing Wall Street to rethink its most hallowed stock groupings. Shares in the rocket company closed at $161.11 in New York, valuing SpaceX at more than $2 trillion and pushing Musk’s combined stake in SpaceX and Tesla above the trillion-dollar threshold for the first time .
Bankers marketed SpaceX as the vanguard of a space-based economy, persuading investors to overlook $2.5 billion in annual losses and to accept governance terms that leave Musk with untrammelled control. The IPO raised $127 billion, surpassing Saudi Aramco’s 2019 record and underscoring the enduring appetite for Musk’s long-term vision despite near-term red ink .
Critics warned that the hype masked structural risks. Anders Schelde, chief investment officer of Denmark’s Akademiker Pension, told Handelsblatt that the concentration of power in Musk’s hands and the absence of meaningful shareholder rights made SpaceX a “warning signal” rather than a blue-chip holding . The IPO also reignited debate over the so-called Magnificent Seven, with analysts at Brussels Morning arguing that SpaceX’s outsize influence now demands a rethink of the tech-stock moniker .
The listing capped a week in which global equity markets surged, aided by new Nasdaq rules and the Federal Reserve’s dovish pivot under Chair Lisa Cook. Yet the SpaceX debut stood apart, drawing crowds to the exchange floor and prompting comparisons to the dot-com era. “It was a historic day—not just for finance, but for anyone who has ever looked up at the stars and wondered,” said one Nasdaq trader quoted by Handelsblatt .
With Musk’s fortune now tethered to volatile public equities, the IPO’s legacy will hinge on whether SpaceX can translate vision into sustainable cash flow. For now, Wall Street has voted with its wallets: the largest IPO in history is complete, and the age of Muskonomics has entered a new phase.
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