Romania loses all nuclear power as Danube drought shuts Cernavodă plant for at least 10 days

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10 days · 5 summary articles
Romania’s Cernavodă nuclear power plant was fully disconnected from the national grid on Thursday as its second reactor was shut down due to critically low Danube River levels, cutting off approximately 680 megawatts of domestic electricity production. The shutdown of Unit 2 followed the earlier closure of Unit 1 on July 28, leaving the country without nuclear power for the first time in recent history. Together, the two units account for 20% of Romania’s electricity output, with each reactor capable of generating 700 MW .
The controlled shutdown began at 7 a.m. and was completed by 11 a.m., according to Romeo Urjan, the plant’s director. He stated that the reactor would remain offline for at least 10 days, depending on Danube water levels, which have fallen to a point where cooling systems can no longer function properly . Hydrologists forecast the river’s flow to remain around 1,350 cubic meters per second in the coming days, with no immediate improvement expected .
To offset the loss, authorities will rely on wind energy, coal-fired plants, and imports, primarily from Bulgaria. The Energy Ministry estimated wind production could average 525 MW, with peaks up to 1,560 MW, while the Rovinari 4 coal unit and Hidroelectrica’s hydro reserves may contribute an additional 630 MW combined . Cristian Bușoi, a secretary of state in the Energy Ministry, said imports would cover a significant portion of the deficit, noting that interconnection capacity with Bulgaria had recently been increased .
Corina Murafa, an expert with the European Economic and Social Committee, criticized Romania’s lack of preparation for climate-related disruptions, stating that the country had repeatedly failed to attend EU adaptation meetings. “At discussions on climate adaptation, the seat reserved for Romania was empty,” she said, adding that neither the government nor state energy companies had conducted stress tests on the national grid for climate sensitivity .
Romania declared a state of energy alert in late July, urging reduced consumption as domestic production fell short of demand. On Tuesday, consumption exceeded 8,000 MW while production was below 6,000 MW, with imports covering about 25% of demand . Authorities have requested support from the European Commission and regional operators to assess cross-border capacities and reserve levels.
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