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Historic US-Iran talks in Switzerland begin as Strait of Hormuz remains shut and Lebanon ceasefire teeters
ZURICH — Direct negotiations between the United States and Iran opened in Switzerland on Sunday, marking the first high-level talks since April as Tehran’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz and escalating violence in Lebanon cast a shadow over efforts to secure a lasting peace.
Vice President J.D. Vance arrived in Bürgenstock on Sunday morning, leading a senior American delegation that included White House envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner. The talks, held at a luxury ski resort near Lake Lucerne, aim to finalize a 60-day framework for ending the Iran-US war, with the immediate focus on de-escalating the Israeli-Hezbollah conflict in Lebanon. “We already made progress in the last several hours, and I expect we will make additional progress in the hours to come,” Vance told reporters .
The negotiations unfolded against a backdrop of heightened tensions. Iran has kept the Strait of Hormuz closed since Saturday, accusing Israel of violating a fragile ceasefire in Lebanon with continued airstrikes. The closure has trapped thousands of sailors in the strategic waterway, with reports of vessels dodging drones and rationing food . Meanwhile, sporadic fighting in southern Lebanon—where Hezbollah claims dozens of its fighters may be trapped in tunnels following an Israeli offensive—threatens to derail the talks before they gain momentum .
Iran’s delegation, led by Speaker of Parliament Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf and Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, has insisted that the Lebanese ceasefire be the top priority. A Foreign Ministry spokesperson told Iranian state media that the talks would also address US commitments to waive oil sanctions and unfreeze Iranian funds . In return, the US seeks Iranian consent for UN inspectors to access nuclear sites bombed by both countries last year, with Washington reportedly prepared to release $6 billion in frozen Qatari funds for humanitarian use .
The stakes are high. President Donald Trump has escalated rhetoric, warning Iran of “very hard” strikes if Hezbollah continues attacks and threatening to “take over” Iran if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed . Israeli officials, meanwhile, have faced criticism for failing to curb Hezbollah, with Trump’s advisers reportedly viewing Israel’s Lebanon campaign as an attempt to sabotage ceasefire efforts .
Vance acknowledged the fragility of the situation but struck an optimistic tone, stating that Secretary of State Marco Rubio is managing de-escalation efforts in Lebanon. “Despite the headlines, things are actually getting better there, and things are slowing down a little bit,” he said . Yet with Iran’s Hormuz closure persisting and ceasefire violations in Lebanon recurring within hours of announcements, the path to a durable agreement remains precarious.
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