NATO leaders in Ankara brace for summit amid Russia threat and Trump pressure

NATO leaders in Ankara brace for summit amid Russia threat and Trump pressure
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NATO leaders on Sunday intensified preparations for a pivotal summit in Ankara, where the alliance faces its most consequential test in decades amid escalating tensions with Russia, shifting U.S. priorities, and Turkey’s delicate balancing act between Washington, Moscow, and Kyiv.

The two-day gathering, set to begin Tuesday, has already yielded historic commitments. NATO ambassadors finalized a declaration on Friday labeling Russia a direct threat to Euro-Atlantic security and agreed on a draft €70 billion ($80 billion) annual military aid package for Ukraine for 2026 and 2027 . Secretary General Mark Rutte hailed the spending pledge as “historic,” underscoring Europe’s accelerated shift toward self-reliance in defense .

Yet the summit’s success hinges on managing President Donald Trump, whose unpredictable demands for “loyalty” over financial burden-sharing have strained transatlantic relations. Former U.S. Ambassador to the OSCE James Gilmore, speaking to RFE/RL, argued that Trump’s pressure has forced long-overdue reforms, accelerating European defense spending increases and reinforcing NATO’s cohesion in the face of Russia’s war in Ukraine . “The end result of all this, in my view, is very positive,” Gilmore said, though he acknowledged European unease over Trump’s confrontational style.

Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has emerged as the unlikely mediator, leveraging his close ties with both Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin to defuse tensions. Erdogan’s dual role as “Trump- and Putin-whisperer” was highlighted by Stockholm University’s Paul Levin, who noted that Ankara’s crackdown on dissent—including arrests of journalists and opposition figures ahead of the summit—reflects its authoritarian turn but also its strategic importance . “Many leaders see NATO not as the right forum for criticism,” Levin said, given Europe’s reliance on Turkey’s military and geopolitical weight .

The summit’s agenda is dominated by defense spending, Ukraine’s war effort, and deterrence against Russian aggression. Trump’s recent calls for Europe to assume greater responsibility—while threatening to skip the summit if not hosted by Erdogan—have underscored the alliance’s fragility . Meanwhile, Putin’s 90-minute call with Trump on Friday, where the Kremlin claimed Kyiv and its European backers were prolonging the war, added urgency to the talks . Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky also spoke with Trump, with both sides framing the conversation as “very good” ahead of potential further discussions in Ankara .

Security measures in Ankara are unprecedented, with 70,000 police deployed to suppress protests and ensure smooth transit for 32 heads of state . Sweden’s Foreign Minister Maria Malmer Stenergard condemned Turkey’s restrictions on free expression, telling *Dagens Nyheter* that Stockholm had raised concerns with Ankara over the “very serious” suppression of dissent .

As NATO leaders gather, the alliance stands at a crossroads: whether it can reconcile Trump’s transactional approach with Europe’s strategic imperatives, and whether Turkey’s Erdogan can broker a summit that avoids outright division. The answers may determine NATO’s future—or its irrelevance.

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Finally, Russia is once again providing a real moment of cohesion for the NATO countries because it is a threat, and its part of what I view as a global war thats taking place right now. I believe the NATO countries in Europe are a little unsettled by the manner in which President Trump does things, but the end result of all this, in my view, is very positive. RFE/RL: You argue that President Trumps pressure is already producing results. As leaders gather in Ankara, do you believe Europe has fundamentally accepted the need to shoulder more of its own security burden, or is Washington still asking for more than Europe is prepared to deliver? Gilmore: First of all, Washington is not demanding any particular number. I dont believe thats what theyre suggesting. What theyre are saying is that the NATO nations should be prepared to defend themselves. I dont think theres been any suggestion at this point that the US is withdrawing from NATO or giving up its leadership of the alliance. There is an adjustment underway, but again, Im convinced the alliance is going to survive just fine. A lot of that, frankly, we can thank [Russian President] Vladimir Putin for, because of his fascist aggression against Europe and his threats against the Baltic states, Poland, and others. Hes providing serious impetus toward greater unity and cohesion within NATO. RFE/RL: You describe Russias aggression as the force driving NATO unity. Turning to Ukraine itself, what should success realistically look like today -- and what role should the United States continue to play? Gilmore: A lot of this is really up to Ukraine -- how much punishment they can endure from the war criminals in Moscow. But with that said, Putin cannot be allowed to succeed in Ukraine. The Ukrainians have developed some of the most modern methods of warfare with their drones. Theyre striking Russia inside Russia, something Putin never expected. Theyre cutting off Crimea. There was a time when many assumed Crimeas loss to Russia was a foregone conclusion. Today, thats no longer the case. I think things are moving in the right direction. Its unfortunate that were facing this conflict because I believe Europe is important to the safety of the United States. But the US is making it clear that it cannot be taken advantage of, and I think thats the positive change now underway as NATO countries assume greater responsibility for their own defense. RFE/RL: That also raises the question of who carries the long-term burden. Some argue Europe should now take primary responsibility for Ukraines security while the United States shifts more attention to other global priorities. Is that the right balance, or does it risk weakening deterrence against Russia? Gilmore: Youre really asking two questions. The European NATO members have already taken the lead in supporting Ukraine. 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NATO chief faces challenge at summit as Trump demands loyalty and not just burden-sharingSince he started work as NATO secretary-general almost two years ago, Mark Rutte has spent much of his time trying to keep the United States anchored to the worlds biggest military alliance. #News #Trump #NATO #Rutte

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Europeans to fill almost all gaps left by US in #NATO defense plans.In a matter of weeks, European allies have largely filled the gaps left by U.S. reductions to the NATO Force Model, NATOs top commander, U.S. Air Force General Alexus Grynkewich 1/2www.defensenews.com/global/europ...Europeans to fill almost all g...

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